On May 17, 2017, a Learjet 25B registration XA-VMC operated by the company Aerotransportes Huitzilin S. A. de C. V. crashed at 3:26p.m. local time shortly after taking off from Toluca International Airport, Mexico bound for Durango. Conventional wing flaps are used to improve low speed flying characteristics and reduce landing and take-off speeds. A jet pump and electrical boost pump are mounted in each wing tank near the centre bulkhead to supply fuel under pressure to the respective engine fuel system. There are several extra lights and switches throughout the cockpit and cabin. Photos: Original Model 23 (at Smithsonian) on left, yet to be built Model 85 on right. There is no doubt that I totally overlooked several items that probably required months to research and code and I didnt even notice or failed to suitable take notice. This combination makes the 35 and 36 much less costly to operate than a 25B or C and it will give them one of the best single engine angles of climb of any of the jets. They already knew how to build jets that would fly faster and higher than the competition, now they needed to increase the number of seats, expand the cabin width and height, add some small things like toilets and food service, and extend the endurance with larger and more efficient engines. The Learjet 24 had several variants, designated by letters A, B, C, D, E, and F. You need to be a member in order to leave a comment. Two disc-type indicators are flush mounted under the left engine. Xtreme Prototypes hybrid model the Classic GLJ Model 25 Special Edition is based on one of the last true or original Lear Jet designs at the start of the Gates Learjet tenure. In addition to doing more work on less kerosene, the Garrett TFE 731s are 11 inches larger in diameter (to accommodate the 2.82 bypass-ratio fan) but, weigh almost twice as much as the engines they replace (747 pounds to 392). It will also cost less to buy, and you won't have to pay MSP, but you will have to assume it will have only minimal residual value. . You can read those reviews here and here. Updates to the jet's design included a re-contoured leading edge to improve cruise performance, as well as higher ceiling capabilities of 51,000 feet and reduced runway length of When both angle-of-attack transducer vanes increase to 5% above stall, the pitch servo commands an aircraft nose down attitude. Jump straight to the total cost table of the Bombardier Learjet 31. Due to the many buyouts, mergers and takeovers, Garrett engines may be referred using the original name Garrett AiResearch, or AlliedSignal, or Honeywell. The Learjet 25 is a challenging aircraft to fly in comparison with most general aviation aircraft and more modern light jets. I need something cabin class that is cheap to fly for about 1 hour legs. The Model 31/31A would be the final adaptation of the small bore fuselage but add large delta fins at the rear for yaw control and added 4 foot extensions to each wing with 4 foot high winglets for improved efficiencies and more docile handling. The Learjet 25 cabin is pressurized to enable high altitude operations without the use of supplemental oxygen. This would solve all three disadvantages of the Model 25 Learjet. New safety features were high on the priority list like the Century III wing design with SoftFlite to improve the low speed handling characteristics to appeal more to the general aviation corporate pilots and less to the ex-military trained corporate pilots. You can find a series of great screenshots of the XP GLJ 25 SE in flight in our screenshot forum. I use the following for my personal flying in the flight sims. Time to Look at the Excellent Flight Manual. While writing this review, I got sidetracked with some new introductions to some of my older stuff that I had written reviews a couple of years ago. A 25 will burn more fuel, of course, but that's only part of the equation. Now, it is loaded, maybe overloaded, with takeoff and landing calculation charts, tables and data. The Mode Selection switches, Altitude Pre-selector, and AP Vertical Speed Selector are mounted helter-skelter, just as the real world classic Learjets. Interconnecting cables synchronize the flaps throughout their range of travel and a limit switch located on the left flap sector prevents over-travel. The fuel inefficiency, the limited range, and the airport noise problem. If the yellow disc is ruptured, either or both containers have been discharged into the engine nacelle. On aircraft equipped with an auxiliary hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump switch located at the lower centre of the instrument panel activates the auxiliary hydraulic pump to provide in-flight standby hydraulic pressure. Aircraft flying government officials, Helicopters Other than being thoroughly modern, one of the most requested features for FSX/P3D add ons nowadays is included the ability to place your Flight1 GTN 650/750 combo in the HD VC panel. But they consume 40 percent less fuel at takeoff thrust and 24 percent less at cruise. A new cuff was designed to accelerate the air movement in this area that smoothed the flow between the engine nacelle and the wings trailing edge. Airport overviews from the air or ground, Tails and Winglets http://www.avsim.com/index.php/_/reviews/aircraft/review-learjet-24b-by-lionheart-creations-ltd-r2543, http://www.avsim.com/index.php/_/reviews/aircraft/review-a-comparison-of-2-jets-r2567. Ouch. I suggested the Empty Weight be reduced from 8,120 to 7,468 and the fuel load increased to 910 gallons. To overcome the problem, they added 13 inches to the fuselage ahead of the wings leading edge. The inboard doors are hydraulically operated while the outboard doors are mechanically operated by linkage connected to the main gear struts. I tend you use the Honeywell name for the engines. I know, I know why dont the developers get away from the round dial old stuff and give us a Lear 60XR with a fully integrated ProLine 21 system? What about a King Air 90 or Cessna 421? These were contributed by none other than Ryan Butterworth in his mini-review as it is being called and a few others fans of the Classic GLJ25. Me, I would not touch a Lear 25 just because of age. It's easy! Thanks to its Honeywell TFE731-20BR engines, the Learjet 45XR has a total thrust output of 7,000 lbs. Some of the milestones credited to Gates leadership was actually accomplished prior to the Gates takeover. How about time to climb to 15,000 meters (just shy of 51,000 feet) in 12 minutes, 27 seconds? Good luck. Panel space is naturally very limited in a classic Learjet, but an improved and very nifty one-click rotating choice of three gauge clusters is available. On the east coast of the U.S. center contollers will not allow you to get to those altitudes very quick making the aircraft sucking the fuel down. There were no plans to increase the length or height of the small tube fuselage so this Model 35 would not be in competition with the future 40 and 50 series enlarged fuselage models. [2], Two General Electric CJ610-6 single-rotor axial-flow turbojet engines are pylon-mounted on the aft fuselage. On aircraft equipped with variable authority steering, the steering authority varies with ground speed. That is really nice. Moderators: richierich, ua900, PanAm_DC10, hOMSaR, Military Aircraft Fuel flow is indicated via a fuel flow system. The pitch would be to corporate American and the world that the new Learjet was a safe and efficient means of doing business. A duty cycle of 3 minutes on and a cooling period of 20 minutes off is required to avoid overheating the pump motor. . The Learjet 25 also requires long runways at high altitude or ambient temperature. They also make good use of tooltips that a useful description of the selected device, not just what it is. Evidently this was sound planning because at the end of production, the 30 series, small fuselage, Garrett powered models accounted to just shy of a thousand airplanes delivered to happy Learjet customers. Even more interesting might be why the Model 35 and 36 have that funny shaped 2-foot wing extension and why the plane is a foot or so longer than planned. Updates to the jet's design included a re-contoured leading edge to improve cruise performance, as well as higher ceiling capabilities of 51,000 feet and reduced runway length of See cover of AW&ST, December 6, 1982. [1], Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 197677[11], Learjet 25B/25C Pilot's Manual, Gates Learjet Corporation, Wichita, Kansas, 1971, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "For many models, market hitting the apex", Information page from Aviation Safety Network, "Aviation Safety Network Accident Description - 2 March 1996", "Plane of singer Jenni Rivera missing in Mexico. The Bombardier Learjet 31 can cruise at up to 51,000 feet. The Softflite wing has boundary layer energizers in place of the vortex generators that were mounted ahead of the ailerons on the original Learjet wing. I understand that a new French language edition of the manual is almost complete. The Bombardier Learjet 60 can cruise at up to 51,000 feet. This valve controlls * All weight in excess of the Max ZFW must be fuel in the - 25 C In standby, it powers just the gyro The trim check very important on the Lear Jet, as the trim system The system operates the landing History. The 40 is a 45 that has about 26 inches chopped out of the fuselagealso in production and certification with first flight scheduled for March. This is a very handy feature. Both stories are somewhat amazing to me. I just need to find the time to find all those 80 animations in the cockpit. Additionally, the Learjet 31 has an average hourly fuel burn of 177 Gallons per Hour (GPH). . The Flysimware Lear fuel burn more or less works out when using a M0.71-M0.72 cruise, which I've always considered to be quite slow. The Go Around feature is especially well done, be sure to learn more about it. Wow. But, the good news is that you will be flying one of the fastest civilian airplanes in the sky. I also changed the MTOW to read 15,300 (Max Ramp Wt) knowing I will be at the official 15,000 MTOW with a few minutes of taxi time. WebThe Learjet 25 generally has five fuel tanks. This point is near the aircraft centre of gravity and minimizes weathervaning when the chute is deployed under crosswind conditions. Many consider the Model 31A the best of the 30 series and even the best flying Learjet of all small fuselage models. The vortex generators, those rows of little metal tabs, and small fences were replaced with newly designed cuffs for the wingtip fins and Boundary Layer Energizers, BLEs. Taxi operations are accomplished using the electronic nose wheel steering. The Model 25D will climb with bursts at 8,000 fpm and will climb from Sea Level to FL430 in 13 minutes. At 6000 feet elevation, 50 degrees Fahrenheit and with an average load of 5 passengers, the Learjet 25B will require approximately 8000 feet of runway. Photos: Left, Lear 28 flown by Neil Armstrong setting climb records, Middle, Photo from newspaper article with Armstrong in left seat, Right, the exact same Lear 28, s/n 28-001, flown by Armstrong on February 19 and 20, 1979 for record setting events with modern paint job and new tail number. The stall warning system utilizes a stall warning vane on each side of the nose. The inverter outputs are frequency synchronized through a paralleling bus tie. The Model 35/36 would go on to sell an astounding 738 units. An oxygen rupture disc will relieve oxygen pressure if the oxygen cylinder pressure reaches 2700 to 3000 psi. A tank cross-flow valve is installed to prevent fuel transfer between wing tanks. I've never flown the Lears, but wouldn't an old 25 have a hard time with noise restrictions at most airports? So effective is this thicker wing cuff that the 25G can cruise at 0.81 Mach on the same fuel flow as the 25D cruising at 0.78 Mach. Tips and recommended settings for beginners are included but so the seasoned pilots that want to get up and flying quickly Alain has included a separate 2-page Quick Start. One big problem it would not solve is the headroom and elbow room. This Model 35/36 would be the last Learjet with those large wingtip fuel tanks. This was caused by the weight of all that fuel in the tip tanks. Just about any gauge can be added to this area with a little adjustment to the height and width of the gauge to fit the area available. 340 Some aircraft have a 1000 VA auxiliary inverter that is used as an option for added system capacity. Long Range Cruise Speed 418 kts, Rate of climb 6,050 fpm, one engine ROC 1,910 fpm. Both look like Learjets. This explains why the extensions are constant chord. Finally, the Xtreme Prototypes Classic GLJ Model 25 SE. It's got a stick shaker unit that forces the nose down if you get it too slow, pulls it up if you get too fast, You need to factor in that at today's fuel price, you can pay anywhere from $3.75 to 8.50 per gallon of Jet A. hehehehe. 60 somethin gallon tank, 300nm+ range, I've stayed airborne for over 3 hours on one tank. Props and jets from the good old days, Flight Decks (the Learjet 25D was certified for FL510). How much does it cost to operate these aircraft? WebCertified to the stricter FAR Part 25, the $13.8 million Learjet 75 competes with the Embraer Phenom 300 and the Citation CJ4, beating them in cabin volume, with 364 cu ft (10.3 m 3) against 327 and 295 cu ft (9.3 Fuel burn at high-speed cruise: 1,079 lb/h (489 kg/h) at 451 kn TAS at FL470 The Flysimware Lear fuel burn more or less works out when using a M0.71-M0.72 cruise, which I've always considered to be quite slow. In terms of cost, the Learjet 45XR has an estimated hourly charter price of $4,000. Just remember that it all starts with the Altitude Pre-selector and it is a lot easier if you have the airplane already at the correct airspeed and in the proper climb or descent attitude when the AP is engaged. Due to the ease of converting the cabin the Learjet 25 has found a niche as a medevac aircraft. For some reason, this XP GLJ 25D SE has all the switches and lights but does not have the system coded. When I asked, the developer about it, he agreed that Fuel Jettison would be a nice feature, but stated they have to draw the line someplace or they would never complete the package. The leading edge now sweeps back to the extensions, then breaks forward and parallels the trailing edge. Practically everything is the cockpit is clickable, moveable, animated in some way and can be used to simulate an action or procedure. Passenger cabin shots showing seat arrangements as well as cargo aircraft interior, Cargo Aircraft With literally a thousand gallons of jet fuel, you will not be able to fly 2,000 nm at anything other than at a reduced economy cruise setting. If you happen to be overtaken at normal cruise, which could be at 51,000 feet, it will be one of the Gulfstreams or a Citation X or another Learjet. As good and as detailed and as beautiful as this GLJ Model 25s flight manual may be there is still room for improvement. A side benefit was the thicker wing section adds 15 square feet of wing area and allows for 81 more gallons of fuel. The first Model 25 flew on August 12, 1966, and the first delivery was in November 1967.[1]. The 30 series have much more fuel efficient engines, not to mention quieter. Our GLJ 25SE flight model does indeed have the updated BLEs instead of the older vortex generators. Just use the Find function and locate the values in the aircraft.cfg file and make your changes. Here is a photo of a Model 25 test plane with a Garrett fanjet on the right and a standard GE CJ610-6 turbojet of the left side. The DC system is powered from two 28 Volt, 400 Amperes, engine-driven starter-generators. A fuel control metering system selects the rate of fuel flow to the engine combustor.[3]. Primary steering mode allows up to 45 degrees angle of turn and is suitable for slow speed aggressive steering maneuvers. This method was first used by Lionheart Creations in their Lear 24B add on and makes great use of the limited panel space. I cant speak for the Legacy systems, but Ryan Butterworth says he has a something less than the best system and he has posted some Frame Rates compared to some of his other addons. Go get it here. Alain Rouleau at Xtreme Prototypes is known for his excellent flight manuals and this one ranks right up there at the top of this list. The panel has been cleaned up, regrouped and made somewhat prettier. A 25 will burn more fuel, of course, but that's only part of the equation. WebEvery Lear that comes out of the factory is equipped to fly itself. The pressure differential at final cruising altitude will be maintained at 8.7 psi difference between pressure altitude and cabin altitude. Two motor-driven shutoff valves will stop hydraulic flow to the engine-driven pumps in case of an emergency. A used Lear @ $675,000USD will cost more than the savings on a PC-12 over the course of a year. If it floats or flies rent it. Leasedont buy. The brake system utilizes hydraulic pressure for power boost. No extra charges for P3D. The Normal Checklist and Procedures are far more than simple lists each item has a reference to a page number and a figure in the manual in addition to the action required. This is a review of the recently introduced Xtreme Prototypes Classic GLJ Model 25 Special Edition aircraft add on for FSX and P3D. A 25 will burn more fuel, of course, but that's only part of the equation. This excellent throttle response enables rapid acceleration and precise power settings. Both are powered by aft-fuselage-mounted, twin Honeywell TFE731-40BR turbofans, with a top speed of an impressive 535 mph (465 knots) and an average fuel burn of just under 200 gallons per hour. It comes only as a pdf and in two editions the full blown 160 pages that in provided to registered user and a still excellent 70 page Sample Version for those who wish to see some detail prior to purchase. This free Sample Version has more information in it than most developers provide for competing products. The real world procedures are much easier than the simulated ones mostly due to the AP switches mounted on the control wheels in the real airplane not being accessible in our flight simulator add on. Mainly because the two models were designed and built alongside each other and practically all the improvements being designed for the newer, slightly larger and better selling Model 35/36 were also being applied to the Model 25 provided it was cost efficient. hmm. Near the back of the flight manual is a full page Limitations with all the V speeds and Placard speeds. During ground operations, a solenoid limits the pressure differential to 0.25 psi in order to ensure normal functioning of the door and emergency exit. Beautiful shots taken while the sun is below the horizon, Accidents 1,000 nm fuel burn for the Model 25D is 3,920 pounds, compared to 2,530 pounds for the Model 35/36, and 2,480 for the Model 31A. An acoustical kit is being developed for those earlier airplanes and they will remain in production for a little while longer. Thanks to its Pratt & Whitney Canada PW305A engines, the Learjet 60 has a total thrust output of 9,200 lbs. In 1970 the Learjet 25B was produced along with the Learjet 25C in the same year. Typical Price: $2,296,212.00 This valve controlls * All weight in excess of the Max ZFW must be fuel in the - 25 C In standby, it powers just the gyro The trim check very important on the Lear Jet, as the trim system The system operates the landing History. Now about that General Electric CJ610 turbojet engine. we might get it one day down the road. Production of the Learjet 24 began in 1966 and continued through 1977, with a total of 259 aircraft built. Each system has a detailed description along with a key to every switch, gauge, and instrument. Enough of the background and similar Learjets, let look at the Learjet 25D that inspired the Xtreme Prototypes design team. MSFS beta update [1.30.12.0] - January 17, 2023. Just to whet your appetite, I have a few closeup screenshots to show some of the HD detail. I took it one step further for my personal flying and in effect made an XR version for a little Extra Range. This frequency is compared to a normal deceleration curve and if it deviates it activates a small torque motor in the affected wheel control valve which shunts braking pressure to the return line by means of a spool valve. Intersting. I was a dyed in the wool Cessna Citation fan for a long time and really still am, but you have to love the speed and power of these early Learjets. The Model 28 had the same fuselage and engines at the Model 25D but, totally different high aspect ratio wings, larger wing surface area and the first winglets for a production business jet. The flaps are hydraulically operated. These boundary layer energizers are small spanwise ridges on the upper wing surface just ahead of the aileron. When the angle-of-attack transducer vanes decrease below the stall point, the nose down command is removed. I am in the business.been flipping large commercial jets to airlines for 15 years. The 30 series have much more fuel efficient engines, not to mention quieter. The aircraft is equipped with AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current) electrical systems. So, because the 35 and 36 are 2,000 pounds heavier than the 25, wing area had to be added to match the 25s performance. WebBombardier Learjet 25C M25C Civil 15,000 Fuel Burn (lbs) 980 1400 2150 2840 3630 5000 Bombardier Learjet 25D M25D Civil 15,000 Fuel Burn (lbs) 970 1410 2210 3020 3910 Bombardier Learjet 31 M31 Civil 15,500 Fuel Burn (lbs) 570 840 1330 1860 2380 3120 Hydraulic pressure for retraction and extension of the gear is transmitted by a system of tubing, hoses and actuating cylinders and is electrically controlled by limit switches and solenoid valves. Understand that age equals maintenance because things wear out. The day to day operations went to Harry Combs for several years as Gates gained momentum and established their sales strategy to promote the new Gates Learjet. The Bombardier Learjet 45XR can cruise at up to 51,000 feet. WebEvery Lear that comes out of the factory is equipped to fly itself. In terms of cost, the Learjet 60 has an estimated hourly charter price of $4,250. I have been told that to do a hot section on the engine in a PC-12 costs about the same as getting both sides of a King Air done. They put out 18.6 percent more thrust at sea level than the GE CJ610s used on the Model 25, and nine percent more thrust at 40,000 feet. At idle on the ground a 20 series learjet will burn something like 150 +or- us gallons per hour. As the ignition cycle is completed, the igniter plugs cease sparking and combustion becomes self-sustaining. FSX Boxed, Steam, P3D v2-3. On the east coast of the U.S. center contollers will not allow you to get to those altitudes very quick making the aircraft sucking the fuel down. This doesnt raise the cruise speed Mach limits but does provide a greater safety margin in turbulence or when maneuvering at high speeds. Parts for the 25 series are becoming some what of a problem, as 35 series is a much better aircraft in regards to operating costs. Intersting. Each wing tank extends from the centre bulkhead outboard to the wing tip and provides separate fuel for each engine. Learn about cockpit equipment upgrades that are FAA mandated. The PW JT15D-5 powers the Hawker 400XP with 3,400 lbst. Get my point? The engine compartments consist of an eight-stage axial-flow compressor directly coupled to a two-stage turbine, a through-flow annular combustion system, variable inlet guide vanes, controlled compressor interstage bleed, exhaust nozzle and accessory drive system. In addition to the speed efficiency the 25G gained 370 nm in range compared to the normal 25D. This is really my only disappointment in the cockpit. 100 hours a year isn't worth owning an airplane. You know, that old just a few more lines of code, thing.. The 1,000 nm NBAA IFR mission can be flown in 2.1 hours, the 600 nm mission in 90 minutes. Additionally, the Learjet 60 has an average hourly fuel burn of 203 Gallons per Hour (GPH). WebThe 25 seats up to 10 passengers plus 2 pilot (s). Our Model selected for this review is in the center. Parts are actually less of an issue with a 25 than you might think, because so many have been scrapped that you can usually find used parts. It is a stretched version of the Learjet 24. Each engine is rated at 2950 pounds of thrust at sea level. Before we get into the specifics of our Xtreme Prototypess simulated GLJ 25 SE model, I would like to tell you the story, very abbreviated of course, of the trials and tribulations of designing a replacement for the Model 25. A pressure switch will energize the pump if hydraulic pressure falls below a preset level and de-energize the pump when pressure returns to normal. The good news is that you can download some excellent training manuals that have color illustrations, full systems descriptions and the necessary performance charts specifically for the Model 24/25 Learjet not all of them but the full pack for Mach 0.77). Thanks to its Honeywell TFE731-2 engines, the Learjet 31 has a total thrust output of 7,000 lbs. All rights reserved. The use of oxygen is only required for emergency in case of depressurization of the cabin or contamination of the cabin air. The AirNav price of Jet A fuel is currently somewhere between a low of $1.99/gal and a high of $9.00/gal with an average of 3,682 FBOs nationwide of $4.11/gal. Tom Allensworth, Thanks to its Pratt & Whitney Canada PW305A engines, the Learjet 60 has a total thrust output of 9,200 lbs. The real world Model 25D was in production from 1976 to 1982, long after Bill Lear had moved on to other things, but was, in fact, just one of the many variations of the Model 25 that was a true Bill Lear design. You can find that post in the screenshot forum. The Model 25 was introduced just prior to Gates taking over the majority ownership of Lear Jet in late 1966. The rudder pedals mechanically operate the rudder for directional yaw control. There were several Model 25 Learjets starting with the basic or original Model 25 that was introduced as the Stretched or Long Range Learjet. The official price of a barrel of Saudi Light crude oil was $12.37 in the mid-1970s. XPs GLJ 25 was inspired, according to the manual, by the Model 25D with a few real world options added, such as the Dee Howard thrust reversers, Century III wing with SoftFlite Boundary Layers and some more recent additions such as the availability to add some of our 3rd party avionics to the VC panel such as the popular Flight1 GTN 650/750 combo or one of the newer weather radars. This is not a problem in the real world cockpit but is a pain in most desktop simulator models. Additionally, the Learjet 31 has an average hourly fuel burn of 177 Gallons per Hour (GPH). The crew seats now have three inches more fore and aft travel. I was disappointed that the developer did not include any climb, descent, or cruise performance charts in the Flight Planning section. I would like to recount the history of the General Electric CJ610 engine used in all the 20 series Learjet models, including our GLJ 25SE and hopefully get back to the story of how the original Garrett AiResearch TFE731 engine came to be. The Learjet 25 offers an ideal high speed platform for business travel for six to eight passengers. Even better would be a full-blown tutorial flight or example flight. Just when I thought I had it all together and had a plan of action to get this review done by Christmas, along comes Black Friday week, then Cyber Monday and then all those extended deadlines. Discussion in 'Aviation Chat' started by vrsurgeon, Aug 3, 2012. Although Lear is saying the 35 and 36 have eight- and six-passenger cabins respectively, the arrangements theyre showing are really seven and four for practical purposes.
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