Before the death of his girlfriend and the drugs bust, he was a recognisable figure about the town with his friend Jake Mostraini living what many young twenty something western foreigners would consider a dream lifestyle in Thailand. River Valley Camp/Havelock Road camp (Malai 3). The registers refer to camps numbered 1-4, the identity of these had not previously been established but it is now believed that these refer to: No 1 PoW camp - Changi, No 2 PoW camp - Serangoon Road Camp, No 3 PoW camp - River Valley Road Camp and No 4 PoW camp - Adam Road Camp. For example, they were limited to 100 letters. 13 & 3 Camp, Cherison, Bandoeng, Java, JC /255 1 Allied Group Hospital, Lyceum, Bandoeng, Java, JC /156 Taiping Jail Perak ( amalgamated with ) Ipoh, Malaya, JC /288 Ipoh ( amalagamated with JC /156 ), Malaya, JC /296 Sungei Bulow, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaya, JC /316 Oesapa Bezar, Timor, Netherlands East Indies, JC /313 Los Banos and Santo Tomas Camps, Manila, Philippines, JC /1 Kanburi, Kanchanaburi, Khan Buri, Siam, JC /2 Pungyisho ( south of Tarsao ), Siam, JC /5 152 kilo railway camp, Hintock River Camp, Siam, JC /26 Tamuang,Taenvang, Tam Wang, Siam, JC /27 Wanyei, North Tarsao, 125 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /34 Takelin, 101 kiol railway camp, Siam, JC /40 Linson, 202.5 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /42 Kanyu, 140 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /48 Pran Kashi, 208 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /49 Tarkenun, 203 kilo railway camp and 211 kilo, Swinton's Camp, Siam, JC /50 Tampii, Arrahill, Jungle Camp, Siam, JC /53 227 kilo railway camp and 245 kilo, Siam, JC /55 Vajiravugh College, Bangkok, Siam, JC /56 Takanon, 228 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /61 Klikrie, Klien Kli, Tarkenum, 240 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /62 Ladya Railway Suppy Camp, Kanburi to Tarsao Road, Siam, JC /70 Bankow, Bangkao, 96 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /71 Wampo South, 110 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /72 245 kilo railway camp and 227 kilo, Siam, JC /81 Rin Tin, 82 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /86 Tampii Camp, 147 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /96 North Wamps, Wamps, 114 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /99 Lampoe, 32 kilo north of Chieng-Mai, Siam, JC /126 230 kilo railway camp and 245 kilo, Siam, JC /133 Tamajo, 229 kilo railway camp, and 234, and 239 kilo, Siam, JC /137 Kachu Lu, Katchu Mountain Camp, Siam, JC /143 Bangan Camp, 9 kilo north of Brencasi, Siam, JC /159 Tarkenun,Swinton's Camp, 230 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /164 Tarrua, 102 kilo railway camp, Siam, JC /178 Tagerry ( Burma/Siam border ), Siam, JC /190 Bontilon Camp, ( on Wampo to Tavoy Rd ), Bonti, Siam, JC /3 Kranji No. (Khwae Yai). Left Singapore on 4/9/44 bound for Japan with 950 British & Australian POWs from D party group 4, sunk in the same incident on 12/9/44as the Rakuyo maru and 520 were rescued by the Japanese and a few others by US submarines. a camp might be known both by its main (parent) camp and by that camp's location and also by its subcamp names and its location. The following sites are all very highly recommended for further specific research. Like almost every British person there, he relied heavily on Prisoners Abroad's support 'The first time I walked into my cell was like heading into the lion's den. The final column shows the pre-trial/remand population rate per 100,000 of the national population. It is interesting to note the suffix Maru this was a common addition to ships name meaning beloved and was intended to protect the ships from exterior harm. Prisoners experienced severe mistreatment, and several deaths occurred. endobj A Kempeitai Prison rather than a fully fledged POW camp, located in Rabaul town itself, https://www.awm.gov.au/events/conference/2002/degroen.asp, Please enter your password, it must be 8 or more characters, I agree to Terms and Conditions and Privacy Statement, Report of the International Committee of the Red Cross on its activities during the Second World War, Vol,1,p.451, prisoner-of-war and internment camps in Japan, Allied prisoners and civilians in Japanese hands, Ships from Hell: Japanese War Crimes on the High Seas in World War II, Japanese Registers of Allied Prisoners of War (PoWs), www.paperlessarchives.com/FreeTitles/POWCampsOutisdeJapan.pdf, Many exclusive records, found only on our site, 1 on 1 Personal assistance from military photo and document experts, Access to Orbats mapping tool, allowing you to trace your WW1 ancestors steps. D- Thailand 5000 powsleft Changi for Bampong in four groups between 14 and 18 March 1943. Updated 06:33, 20 JUL 2019. The Junyo Maru had the worst death toll, 5,640 out of 6,520 POWs dying after the ship was sunk. <> Located 4 km south (along the coast towards Singapore). Sometimes they were thrown into very small cells without food. The camp commandants often refused to reply to questions put to them. He was found guilty for ordering the execution of the four POWs and on 7th April 1946, he was executed, by shooting, at the same spot where the four POWs died. Lance Whitmore pleaded guilty to the charges against him in 2015. New Zealanders at Macassar received no mail at all. 10 0 obj See "Death on the Hellships" (pp. He has done wrong, but there is a reason he got mixed up in all that, everything that was going on, she said. endobj Elsewhere in the Pacific some 10 000 British, Canadian and Indian troops were captured when Hong Kong fell in December 1941 and further 5000 in the Netherlands East Indies (now Indonesia) in early 1942. By the end of Sept. 1945, nearly all of the 32,000 Allied POW's in Japan . Toyofuku Maru (AKA Hofuku Maru/Fuji Maru). The smell of human faeces was so strong I wanted to vomit. Exact departure dates are confusing since some sources state 3rd June and some 5th June 1944. A camp leader who openly criticised conditions and treatment was liable to be beaten after the departure of the visitor, and recourse was had sometimes to the passing of messages while shaking hands to convey the true situation. The worst problem for prisoners in all North-east Asian camps was enduring the extreme cold in an undernourished state. In all of the industries where POWs were assigned, their work consisted mostly of simple physical labour, such as carrying raw materials or goods, loading, unloading, construction work, and mining. The group of prisoners was then moved to San Fernando, Pampanga. "On some occasions there were 24 of us in a cell of 26 sq metres and on a couple of occasions the guy beside me died," he said. "They weigh about 15kg (33lb) so you're hobbled as you walk and my legs are scarred for life. Debbie, his mother, herself alluded to this on. In General, no direct access to the POWs was provided to the International Red Cross. Many camps were re-designated during their lifetime hence some camp names may be worded differently or even have several versions. Davies, who had a labour contracting and helicopter servicing business in Thailand, was arrested in 1990 and accused of heroin dealing. About 500 civilians, the great majority of Americans, were interned by the Japanese at Camp John Hay. It consisted of five large and three small family barracks also called hongs. Tarsau (Nam Tok) - 131 KM from Non Pladuk II, 284 KM from Thanbyuzayat. Although Thai prisons provide different training programs to rehabilitate prisoners, including making Buddha statues and giving a Thai massage, the truth is that some scary things happen behind bars. A few POWs did technical work and demonstrated their excellent technical skills. The 110 most severe cases were taken to a primitive military hospital in Kokura where 73 died within a month. News of those held in the Dutch East Indies seems to have been withheld the longest. Allied Officers were sent to oversee the transfer of the POWs from the Japanese Army. Many prisoners, however, indicated that because of the availability of fresh vegetables in the warmer months and local fish during winter, rations were in some ways better than at Jinsen and Keijo. Carried 1,100 prisoners from Manila to Hong Kong, beginning October 3, 1944, then from Hong Kong to Formosa, arriving October 24, 1944. 4 0 obj It was a place of starvation, torture and terror, a place of madness and, for many, death. The route was from Bankok to Moulmein on the Burma/Thai border and connecting then onto the mainline to Rangoon. <> The Bangka Island massacre took place on 16 February 1942, when Japanese soldiers machine-gunned 22 Australian military nurses to death with only one survivor. Sailed from Singapore to Japan (Moji) on 28/11/42 with 557 POWs, some reports show the ship terminating at Nagasaki however on this voyage. Sign up to the Daily Star's newsletter. A key theme in Debbies online pronouncements is religion and the support it offers both her and her son in what appears to be hellish situation. . original documents on Thailand camps (RG 24 Box 6) - Report on camps by John Slaughter (Royal Norfolk Regiment), with maps; Swiss telegrams re USS Houston survivors, list of Ameri March - October 1943. The remainder were placed into work details around Palembang on airfields and harbours or in construction of defence positions. Both ships reached Takao (Kaohsiung) harbour in Taiwan on New Year's Day, where the smaller group of prisoners was transferred from Brazil Maru to Enoura Maru, and 37 British and Dutch were taken ashore. Chief executive Pauline Crowe said: In many countries, men and women find themselves without access to food, clean water and the most basic of medical care. Lieutenant Kenichi Nakagawa was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment. In spite of repeated requests for the regular forwarding of complete lists, not only of captures but of transfers and casualties, the Japanese never appear to have set up an organisation capable of dealing even with the notifications of the capture of the 300,000 Allied nationals in their hands. None survived. Primarily a hospital POW camp it housed around 7,500 POWs mostly the US. A Babar Ahmad Syed Talha Ahsan Haroon Rashid Aswat B Leo Baron Ernest Bethell Conrad Black Edith Bone Kamel Rabat Bouralha Lee Bradley Brown Mervyn Brown Carmel Budiardjo C Linda Carty Sheila Cassidy David Cecil (producer) Brian Charrington Harold Cole D Cosmas Desmond E El Shafee Elsheikh F Joshua French G John Edward Greaves Sandra Gregory The paperless archive (has detailed reports of many camps): . However, in reality, they couldn't communicate with family more than once or twice during the duration of imprisonment, and there were camps where the POWs were not allowed to communicate with the world outside the camp at all. It is almost certain that had the war lasted even a little longer, the number of the POW deaths would have been much greater given the shortages Japan was experiencing toward the end of the war. <> As Commander of all POW and civilian internee camps, Suga was responsible for the many atrocities that took place in these camps, including the Sandakan Death Marches. Ireland had 222 British offenders in jail, while Australia housed 144. The Japanese Govt. Inside the compound, POW quarters usually consisted of rows of two or three-storied bunk beds with either traditional Japanese Goza (woven straw mats) or tatami (straw mattresses) on the wooden bunks. During the Second World War Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, most of the Indian POWs captured in Hong Kong were interned at a POW Camp here. I was hoping for a much shorter sentence and Im totally devastated, he said. Id lost touch with my family back in the UK: I couldnt ask them to support me I began to feel so isolated. A famed legal drug entrepreneur and multi millionaire from New Zealand recently died within a Thai Prison while being held for immigration offences. Bare bulbs were used for the lights, and heat came from firepots or stoves made from shipping drums. Relatives of British Malayan civilian internees can, by appointment, visit the Imperial War Museum Reading Room to view similar details of Changi Gaol internees in the Changi Register and view other short details in the 1940 Malayan Directory. In 1926 she was sold to a Japanese company and renamed Junyo Maru, and taken over by the Japanese Government in 1938. Manpower for the Imperial Japanese armed forces became ever more critical as Allied forces closed in, rolling back the tide of Japanese territory, so the Japanese began transferring POWs by sea back towards the Japanese home Islands. (Indeed, there were such orders as has been found later, to execute all POWs if invasions were feared). There was only one successful mass escape during the war: The only successful mass escape from a Japanese camp-. Sailed from Palau to New Guniea on 20/1/44 with 611 POWs on board. Soon I started receiving correspondence from the Prisoners Abroad team, I got their newsletter too I always looked forward to receiving that. Wada was found guilty of causing the deaths of numerous American and Allied prisoners of war by neglecting to transmit to his superiors requests for adequate quarters, food, drinking water, and medical attention. provided a list (called the "Yellow List") naming 73 camp locations, less than half the actual number of camps -- POW relief supply drops (4,470 tons) covered a total of 158 camp sites in Japan. 2nd Amnesty Announced. Japanese site - Covers Japanese camps only, accurate camp descriptions and a great deal of background information. As always you can unsubscribe at any time. De Brug - The Bridge on the River Kwai (Khwae-Toi). Some prison cells have a hole in the centre of the ground that serves as a toilet for up to 80 prisoners at a time in a small cramped room. The Japanese ordered the 76,000+ US army and Filipino servicemen to march towards San Fernando, some 80 miles (128km) away. The charity Prisoners Abroad is currently supporting about 80 Britons between the ages of 18 and 30 held in foreign countries for drug offences. Many of the deaths happened immediately after the POWs arrived in Japan from South East Asia. The Changi Peninsula had been the British Army's principal base area in Singapore. Servicemen to March towards San Fernando, some 80 miles ( 128km ) away 7,500 POWs mostly US... Technical work and demonstrated their excellent technical skills over by the Japanese Army of the 32,000 Allied &. < > Located 4 KM south ( along the coast towards Singapore ) hobbled as you walk my! Severe mistreatment, and heat came from firepots or stoves made from drums! Camp ( Malai 3 ) the extreme cold in an undernourished state to have been withheld the longest mass... Covers Japanese camps only, accurate camp descriptions and a great deal of background information POW camp it around... 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